Class Philosophical, Sociological and Historical Foundations of Education

The course unit Philosophical, Sociological and Historical Foundations of Education is part of the Master's in Teaching Informatics, within the scientific area AEG, taught in the 2nd semester. It aims to give future teachers a critical understanding of the philosophical, sociological and historical foundations of education and the main currents of thought that shaped it. It focuses on the historical formation of education systems, the role of school in society, educational reforms in contemporary Portugal, and current challenges of social and cognitive justice in education. Taught in the 2nd semester, the course gives students a cross-cutting theoretical framework, essential for critical, contextualised reflection on teaching practice throughout the study cycle.

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CP1 - Introduction: reflection on the promises of education and future challenges, based on the UNESCO 2021 Report. CP2 - Historical formation and functions of modern education systems: evolution of pedagogical ideas and practices; the school model and 'school grammar'. CP3 - The school in society: theories explaining school failure; education and skills training for the labour market; families and reproduction of social status; inequalities in school trajectories. CP4 - Education in contemporary Portugal: foundations of public schooling; the Veiga Simão Reform; the 25 April Revolution; the Basic Law of the Education System (1986); educational reforms (1986-2000). CP5 - Final reflection: education as an act of social and cognitive justice.

ME1 - Theoretical, dialogic exposition, critical text analysis and guided debates, linking theoretical grounding with its application in educational contexts (LO1, LO2). ME2 - Document analysis, case studies, pedagogical simulations and group work, fostering interaction between theory and practice and developing pedagogical strategies suited to contemporary educational challenges (LO3). ME3 - Practical activities, reflective work, critical essays and oral presentations, through cooperative learning, consolidating written and oral scientific communication skills (LO4).

Giddens (2013). Sociologia. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. Hofstetter & Scheuwly (2013). Changes in Mass Schooling: 'school form' and 'grammar of schooling' as reagents. European Educational Research Journal, 12(2), 166-175. Lima & Afonso (2002). Reformas da educação pública: democratização, modernização, neoliberalismo. Afrontamento. Nóvoa (2005). Evidentemente. Histórias da Educação. Asa. Reboul (2017). A Filosofia da Educação. Edições 70. Teodoro (2001). A Construção Política da Educação: Estado, mudança e políticas educativas no Portugal contemporâneo. Afrontamento. Teodoro (2020). Contesting the Global Development of Sustainable and Inclusive Education. Routledge. UNESCO (2021). Reimaginar nossos futuros juntos: um novo contrato social para a educação. Relatório da Comissão Internacional sobre os Futuros da Educação.