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Presentation
Presentation
The Hydraulics II curricular unit develops and applies the knowledge acquired in Hydraulics I to phenomena and systems relevant to Civil Engineering. It covers hydrostatics, including pressures, hydrostatic forces and the equilibrium of bodies, open-channel flows, pressurised flows and weirs. It aims to develop skills for analysing and designing hydraulic systems, pipes, channels and structures, interpreting the energy behaviour of flows and solving problems related to the planning, design and operation of hydraulic infrastructures.
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Class from course
Class from course
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Degree | Semesters | ECTS
Degree | Semesters | ECTS
Bachelor | Semestral | 6
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Year | Nature | Language
Year | Nature | Language
2 | Mandatory | Português
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Code
Code
ULP730-7684
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Prerequisites and corequisites
Prerequisites and corequisites
Not applicable
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Professional Internship
Professional Internship
Não
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Syllabus
Syllabus
1. Hydrostatics: absolute, gauge and atmospheric pressures; manometers; hydrostatic pressure law; buoyancy and hydrostatic forces on immersed and floating bodies; forces on plane and curved surfaces. 2. Open-channel flows: general concepts; uniform flows and velocity distribution across the cross-section; simple, closed, mixed and compound sections; Bernoulli's theorem; specific energy and the function E = E(h) for constant discharge; critical, supercritical and subcritical regimes; the function h = h(Q); backwater profiles with constant discharge. 3. Pressurised flows: types of steady flow; continuous and local head losses; pipe outlets to the atmosphere; calculation and design of hydraulic installations. 4. Weirs: free and submerged weirs.
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Objectives
Objectives
1. Apply the hydrostatic pressure law and distinguish absolute, gauge and atmospheric pressures; 2. Use manometers and calculate hydrostatic forces and buoyancy on immersed or floating bodies and on plane and curved surfaces; 3. Characterise open-channel flows and design uniform flows in simple, closed, mixed and compound cross-sections; 4. Analyse specific energy, identify critical, supercritical and subcritical regimes and interpret depth-discharge relationships; 5. Determine and interpret backwater profiles for gradually varied flows with constant discharge; 6. Analyse and design pressurised hydraulic installations, considering continuous and local head losses and pipe outlets to the atmosphere; 7. Calculate flow over free and submerged weirs; 8. Interpret the results of practical and experimental activities and relate them to the behaviour of hydraulic systems.
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Teaching methodologies
Teaching methodologies
The methodologies combine the presentation and discussion of theoretical foundations with problem-solving and the analysis of Civil Engineering situations. Problem-Based Learning and Case-Based Learning will be used in the study of pressures, hydrostatic forces, channels, pipes and flow-control structures. Some activities will be developed in teams using Team-Based Learning, promoting the comparison of calculation and design strategies. Short questions, quizzes, worksheets and challenges will support formative assessment. At least one experimental activity will be carried out at LABCIV to observe, measure and interpret hydraulic phenomena related to the syllabus.
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References
References
Lencastre, A. (2005). Hidráulica geral. Edição do Autor. Quintela, A. C. (2009). Hidráulica. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian. Chadwick, A., Morfett, J., & Borthwick, M. (2021). Hydraulics in civil and environmental engineering (6th ed.). CRC Press. Chaudhry, M. H. (2022). Open-channel flow (3rd ed.). Springer.
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Assessment
Assessment
Avaliação contínua:
- Componente A - desempenho e participação nas atividades desenvolvidas em aula, trabalhos práticos, fichas de trabalho e outros elementos solicitados ao longo do semestre, incluindo a atividade experimental no LABCIV: 30%;
- Componente B - primeiro teste escrito: 30%;
- Componente C - segundo teste escrito: 40%.
É exigida uma classificação mínima de 6 valores em cada componente. Caso o estudante obtenha uma classificação inferior a 6 valores em qualquer componente, a classificação final da unidade curricular será fixada em 9 valores, independentemente da média ponderada obtida.
A docente poderá solicitar, sem aviso prévio, uma defesa oral individual de qualquer elemento de avaliação, a todos ou apenas a alguns estudantes, para verificação da autoria e do domínio dos conteúdos apresentados.
Qualquer situação de plágio, cópia ou utilização indevida ou não declarada de ferramentas de inteligência artificial será tratada nos termos dos regulamentos em vigor.
Avaliação por exame: prova escrita individual, com ponderação de 100%, nas épocas previstas no calendário académico.
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Mobility
Mobility
No
