Class Analytical Chemistry

Analytic Chemistry aims to provide the student with the fundamental basis of Equilibrium in Solution, as well as of its quantitative applications, including acid-base, redox, complexometry and precipitation. This unit has a strong practical component, aiming to demonstrate some qualitative and quantitative applications and allowing the students to develop their practical skills and consolidate the theoretical concepts.

A-Theoretical syllabus

1.Introduction. Traditional and instrumental methods. Sampling and interferences.

2.Activity coefficients Debye Hückel theory.

3.Gravimetric versus volumetric analysis. Different methods and types of volumetric analysis. Solubility. Equivalence and final point. Detection methods.

4.Volumetric precipitation. Mohr, Volhard and Fajans methods

5.Volumetric complexometric equilibrium. Types of ligands. Complexometric titrations, pM value. Effect of pH and of other ligands and metals

6.Volumetric redox equilibrium. Nernst Equation. Redox titration curves. Effect of pH and complexes

7.Electrical conductivity of ionic solutions

B-Laboratory Sessions

1.Gravimetry

2. Acid-base titrations, conductimetric and potentiometric methods

3. Precipitation and complexometric volumetry

Use of methodologies that involve the interpretation of scientific articles related to the areas under study.

• - Gonçalves, M.L. Et al. (2001). Métodos Instrumentais para Análise de Soluções. Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian, Lisboa.

  - Crouch, S., West, D.M., Skoog, D.A. and Holler, F. (2013). Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry. (9th ed). Saunders College Publishing.

  - Levie, R. (1999). Aqueous Acid-Base Equilibria and Titrations. Oxford University Press.

  - Dilts, R.V. (1974). Analytical Chemistry. D. Van Nostrand.

  - Christian, G.D. (2003). Analytical Chemistry. 6th Ed. Wiley.

  - Harris, D.C. (2010). Quantitative Chemical Analysis. 8th Ed. Freeman, New York.