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Presentation
Presentation
Molecular Evolution deals with gene and protein evolution. What are the evolutionary mechanisms and what kind of chemical changes may occur. Understanding mutations, and the factors that influence mutation occurrence and occurrence rates.
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Class from course
Class from course
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Degree | Semesters | ECTS
Degree | Semesters | ECTS
Bachelor | Semestral | 4.5
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Year | Nature | Language
Year | Nature | Language
2 | Mandatory | Português
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Code
Code
ULHT2532-11077
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Prerequisites and corequisites
Prerequisites and corequisites
Not applicable
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Professional Internship
Professional Internship
Não
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Syllabus
Syllabus
1. Structure and function of nucleic acids. 2. Nucleotide sequence evolution. Characteristics of nucleotide sequences. Mutations. Models of nucleotide sequence evolution. 3. Rearrangement of genetic material and evolution of proteins. 4. Genome organization and size. 5. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT). HGT mechanisms: conjugation, transformation, transduction, cell fusion and gene transfer agents. HGT in prokaryotic vs eukaryotic organisms. 6. Molecular phylogeny. Trees. Molecular clock. Phylogenetic trees. 7. Epigenetic mechanisms. Main mechanisms of epigenetic change: DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetics and human diseases.
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Objectives
Objectives
How to relate different organisms based on DNA sequences and understand the concept of evolutionary clock. Identify how genetic material is transferred. Students will also be able to understand how genomes are organized and the importance of this organization in evolutionary processes. What portions of the genome are genes and non-coding regions and what are their main characteristics and functions. The students will be able to align nucleotide sequences and construct molecular phylogenetic trees. They will also be able to recognize epigenetic mechanisms and their importance in disease.
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Teaching methodologies
Teaching methodologies
Laboratory and practical training is a very important component of the Cycle of Studies, essential to ensure the quality of student training. The practical skills and laboratory autonomy of graduate students are recognized by the other institutions where they continue their studies.
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References
References
- Graur D. & Li W.-H. (2000). Fundamentals of molecular evolution. Sinauer, Sunderland. - Soucy, S.M., Huang, J. and Gogarten, J.P. (2015). Horizontal gene transfer: building the web of life. Nature Reviews, 16, p472. - Pál, C., Papp, B. and Lercher, M.J. (2008). An integrated view of protein evolution. Nature Reviews, 7, p337.
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Assessment
Assessment
Descrição
Data limite
Ponderação
Avaliação prática
dd-mm-yyyy
40%
Avaliação teórica (2 frequências + recuperação facultativa)
dd-mm-yyyy
60%
(...)
Ensino presencial: Aulas teóricas com frequência voluntária seguindo o
programa definido. Aulas laboratoriais presenciais orientadas por um docente, de frequência obrigatória
destinadas a aplicar ferramentas de bioinformática à evolução molecular bem como resolver problemas
para consolidar os conceitos.
Requisitos para aproveitamento:
1) Avaliação contínua:
- Frequência obrigatória de 2/3 das aulas laboratoriais.
- Classificação prática igual ou superior a 9,5 valores (avaliação contínua do desempenho dos alunos e
discussão de artigos, 40 % na classificação final).
- 2 frequências teóricas, média com peso 60% (classificação igual ou superior a 9,5 valores).
2) Exame:
- Exame com 2 componentes: prática (40%) e teórica (60%).
- Nota igual ou superior a 9,5 valores à cada componente.
- Isenção de repetir um elemento da avaliação em caso de nota igual ou superior a 9,5 valores obtida
para este em avaliação contínua ou exame final anterior.Presential teaching: Theoretical lectures of facultative attendance that follow the
defined syllabus. Laboratory classes are presential mandatory classes under the guidance and
orientation of a teacher and are intended to solve problems and use bioinformatics tools applied to
molecular evolution.
Requirements to pass:
1) Continuous evaluation:
-Attendance at 2/3 of laboratory classes.
-Laboratory classification > or = 9,5 (continuous evaluation of student's work and article discussion, 40%
final classification).
-2 mid-term examinations, average with a 60% weight (classification > or = 9,5).
2) Final examination:
- Examination with 2 components: practical (40%) and theoretical (60%).
- Classification > or = 9,5 for each component.
- Students with a classification > or = 9,5 obtained for any element of a previous evaluation (continuous
evaluation or previous examination) are exempted from repeating it.
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Mobility
Mobility
Yes
